Design and Water Consumption
When designing a water supply system, the calculation of consumed water is carried out at a rate of 200 l / day per person. If it is possible to connect the site where construction is underway to the central water supply and sewerage networks, the designers can only get technical conditions with connection schemes for outlets. No bulky equipment, examinations and problems. The only thing you have to think about is technical water supply (for example, for irrigation).
If the site is not included in the central water supply system, it remains to consider local sources. Depending on the landscape, water reserves, the presence of water bodies and industries in the district, a hydrogeologist may recommend one or more options for organizing water intake. The most common are digging a well, drilling a well, or using surface water intakes from surrounding water bodies. Bindings of external points of water intake are determined during the inspection of the site.
After the work of the hydrogeologist, an inspection report is drawn up with the conclusion of a specialist not only about the location, but also the recommended type of water intake, the optimal options for its organization, filter design, number and type of rings. To prevent freezing of the water source in winter, the highway from the water intake to the place of water consumption is laid at a depth of 1.2-1.7 m, and the lid of the well is insulated. When choosing a place for a well or a well, consider the location of possible pollutants: compost heaps, ditches, and neighbors' toilets.
Local sources: potential operational problems
The use of local water resources can significantly complicate the water supply process of a private house due to insufficient sewage capacity, limited water supply in a well (well) or its unsatisfactory quality. None of these problems is fatal, but additional measures and funds will be required to solve them.
In the first case, the problem is solved by the selection of the optimal treatment plant, designed for a certain number of residents, but it happens in a different way: there is an opportunity to buy a more productive waste treatment station, and the absorption capacity of soils remains low. In this case, the only option is to reduce the volume of water consumption.
With a limited supply of water resources, a solution is found in the installation of storage tanks and pressure tanks, which are replenished with pumps in automatic mode. This allows you to always have a supply of water in case of a power outage.
Poor water quality at the site can also be a serious problem. The high content of minerals or bacteriological contamination makes water supplies unsuitable for drinking and even for domestic use. A water treatment system with an individual selection of filters and reagents helps to cope with it.
Any equipment for water supply and its preparation is rather cumbersome, so even at the design stage, allocate a place in the house for a boiler and boiler room. This will allow you to collect all the noisy, bulky equipment, pipes, tanks and valves in one room, with a volume of 2 to 4 sq.m.
Power supply and heating plumbing equipment
Energy calculation is one of the most critical design stages. Without careful preliminary calculations, the quality of life of the owner of the house can significantly suffer due to the unpredictable "gluttony" of engineering plumbing. The best solution is to divert a separate line for powering pumping systems with its own fuse system.
If you plan to use the house only as a summer cottage, you should think about preserving the water supply for the winter season. Without this, the probability of freezing and breaking pipes is very high. Electric standby may not be able to cope with the problem if a power failure occurs. The best solution will be a thorough warming and insurance against freezing of the premises with power equipment, water treatment systems, a water heater.
Remember that the probability of an accident in a private house is much higher than in a city apartment, so refuse to block the pipes in the walls. This will greatly facilitate the detection and elimination of leaks in the house.